Hepatitis A is one of several viral infections affecting the liver, causing acute inflammation. Symptoms can persist for several months but typically resolve without treatment. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is mainly transmitted through fecal-oral route. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatment of hepatitis A, and find the best liver doctor for treating viral hepatitis A.
What is Hepatitis A and its Causes?
Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver, causing mild to severe symptoms. The infection lasts up to two months and usually does not result in chronic liver disease or permanent damage, unlike other hepatitis viruses.
HAV is common in areas with poor sanitation where food and water may be contaminated. The virus is highly contagious and can survive in the environment for months without a host, spreading through personal contact, contributing to disease outbreaks.
Symptoms of Hepatitis A
Symptoms in adults and children include:
- Abdominal pain, especially in the upper right quadrant.
- Loss of appetite.
- Vomiting and nausea.
- Diarrhea.
- Weakness and fatigue.
- Fever.
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
- Joint pain.
- Skin itching.
- Light-colored stool and dark urine.
Symptoms of HAV appear within two to five weeks after virus exposure during the incubation period. As the virus replicates, the immune system launches an attack, leading to the onset of symptoms.
How Long Do HAV Symptoms Last?
Symptoms last for the duration it takes for the immune system to overcome the virus. Most people recover in less than two months, but some may experience symptoms for up to six months.
Complications of Hepatitis A
Complications are rare, but individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to severe reactions. Those at higher risk of acute liver failure include:
- Elderly individuals.
- People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Individuals taking immunosuppressive drugs.
- Those with chronic liver diseases.
Diagnosis of HAV
Physical signs such as jaundice and liver enlargement are evident in Hepatitis A. Liver function tests show elevated liver enzymes and other indicators of liver disease, along with specific antibodies.
What is the Treatment for Hepatitis A?
There is no specific treatment for HAV, except for rest and self-care. The body can clear the virus on its own, although this may take some time, during which you may feel unwell. The doctor may recommend:
- Maintaining hydration.
- Resting and staying in bed until fever and jaundice subside.
- Avoiding substances that stress the liver.
- In some cases, the doctor may prescribe specific medications to alleviate symptoms.
Vaccination is the easiest form of prevention and can be administered within two weeks of exposure. Full vaccination requires two to three doses, but a single dose immediately after exposure may prevent infection spread.
In some cases, immune globulin injections may be recommended. This substance, made from human blood, contains antibodies against the virus.
Can Hepatitis A Be Prevented?
Vaccination is the most straightforward preventive measure. Good hygiene practices help prevent various diseases, including HAV. If diagnosed with Hepatitis A, personal hygiene during illness and cleaning the home with disinfectants can help prevent spread to others.
Best Doctor for Hepatitis A Treatment
Dr. Mohamed Al Boraie is the best doctor for treating Hepatitis A. He is a liver and gastrointestinal consultant, a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in England, and a member of the American College of Gastroenterology. Dr. Mohamed Al Boraie is currently a lecturer in general internal medicine, liver diseases, and gastroenterology at Al-Azhar University in Cairo.
Dr. Mohamed Al Boraie regularly participates in local and international scientific conferences and has numerous scientific research publications in prestigious medical journals.
Book your appointment now if you would like to consult with Dr. Mohamed Al Boraie regarding Hepatitis A, as well as other acute and chronic liver diseases.